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" ... Bosons are particles subject to the requirement that the wavefunction needs to remain exactly the same if you swap the labels on the balls. If you look at the four quantum states in the picture above, you quickly see that three of these states meet that criterion: ... "
" ... But there's a way to inhibit this: by observing/measuring the system before the wavefunction can sufficiently spread out. Most physicists refer to this type of interaction as "collapsing the wavefunction," as you're basically causing whatever quantum system you're measuring to act "particle-like" instead of "wave-like." But that's just one interpretation of what's happening, and this is a real phenomenon that occurs irrespective of your chosen interpretation of quantum physics. ... "
" ... If two particles are entangled, they have complementary wavefunction properties, and measuring one... [+] determines properties of the other. If you create two entangled particles or systems, however, and measure how one decays before the other decays, you should be able to test for whether time-reversal symmetry is conserved or violated. ... "
" ... The reason underlying this is simply that every interaction between two quantum particles has the potential to determine the quantum state, effectively collapsingĀ the quantum wavefunction in the most common interpretation. In reality, the decay (or non-decay) of the atom will trigger (or fail to trigger) the door mechanism, and that alone, right there, is where the transition from this bizarre quantum behavior to our familiar classical behavior occurs. ... "