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" ... Because of the various conservation laws of particle physics, a proton can only decay into lighter particles than itself. It cannot decay into a neutron or any other combination of three quarks. The decay must conserve charge, teaching us that we'd still need to have a positively charged particle in the end. We'd need to produce at least two particles, rather than one, to conserve both energy and momentum. ... "
" ... Because the two types of quarks (b-type and d-type) have the same electrical charge, inside the B meson, the two types of quarks can exchange which is matter and which is antimatter via a complicated interaction. Thus, a neutral B meson can convert into an antimatter neutral B meson and back again. In fact, the particle oscillates its identity back and forth trillions of times per second. ... "
" ... If we go down this rabbit hole, we might get to the idea of Elementary Particles. These are particles that, so far as we know, have no component parts. Things like quarks and electrons. ... "
" ... One of the down quarks in the neutron emits a (virtual) W- boson, causing it to transform into an up quark. The number of quarks is conserved in this part of the interaction. ... "
" ... The internal structure of a proton, with quarks, gluons, and quark spin shown. The nuclear force ... [+] acts like a spring, with negligible force when unstretched but large, attractive forces when stretched to large distances. To the best of our understanding, the proton is a truly stable particle, and has never been observed to decay, while the quarks and gluons composing it show no evidence of compositeness. ... "