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" ... Dezzutti and colleagues tested 14 commercially available brands of personal lubricants for toxicity to human cervical or rectal epithelial cells, three types of Lactobacillus bacteria that maintain the acidic pH of the vagina, and cellular susceptibility to HIV infection in vitro. The products causing the least damage were those that had osmolality within a factor of two from normal vaginal secretions or semen. (None of the lubricants enhanced HIV infection in culture and some even had anti-HIV activity.) ... "
" ... Federal funding is also vital in fighting global disease outbreaks, such as Zika, Ebola and more.... [+] Pictured is a scanning electron micrograph of the Ebola virus budding from the surface of a Vero cell: an African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line. ... "
" ... The first step of this new treatment approach is to DNA sequence the tumor. In the case of this patient, the researchers found 62 mutations in the breast tumor cells. The second is to isolate TILs, which are present naturally in 80% of epithelial cell tumors, but in tiny amounts, not substantial enough to attack the tumor. These are then analyzed for their ability to recognize and target the mutated proteins on the tumor. In the case of the metastatic breast cancer patient, the researchers found TILs that recognized four of the mutant proteins. ... "
" ... We know that Covid-19 can cause lung damage, including pneumonia and, at worst, lung failure, but designing studies using cells from the lungs in order to test treatments is not so straightforward. Here are just a few of the questions researchers need to consider: What type of lung epithelial cell(s) should be selected for these studies – cells from the upper or lower respiratory tract? Can I use immortalized cells (e.g. tumor cell lines) for my analyses or should I be using “normal” non-disease cells which grow and replicate at much slower rates and often require specialized protocols? How biologically-relevant are the cells that I’ve select to the questions I am trying to answer? Should I be looking at single cell systems or use models that better mimic organ systems but often require additional optimization and expertise? These questions often require weighing faster results and insights versus data that may be more biologically relevant. However, there is a much bigger bottleneck to consider. ... "
" ... “We, therefore, developed a new model using what we call mucus-centric contraception. The model allowed us to quickly iterate on formulations before identifying a formulation that provides a level of efficacy never seen from an on-demand non-hormonal contraceptive. In parallel with efficacy, we are ensuring that the formulation is safe. We use a variety of techniques, including cellular assays and lab-grown human 3D vaginal epithelial tissues to detect markers of inflammation and irritation. Our goal with this work is to set a new standard in terms of both effectiveness and safety for a non-hormonal contraceptive,” explains Katchan. ... "