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" ... A portion of the antimatter factory at CERN, where charged antimatter particles are brought together... [+] and can form either positive ions, neutral atoms, or negative ions, depending on the number of positrons that bind with an antiproton. If we can successfully capture and store antimatter, it would represent a 100% efficient fuel source, but many tons of antimatter, as opposed to the tiny fractions of a gram we've created, would be required for an interstellar journey. ... "
" ... If this happened, every proton would be created along with an antiproton. An electron would be created along with an antielectron. But then something tragic would happen. Every particle would collide with its antiparticle, annihilating each other in a bright burst of energy. If the same number of particles and antiparticles existed, all the antiparticles would annihilate the particles and nothing would be left. ... "
" ... Many protons and electrons were seen in these early cosmic rays, and later on, the first antimatter particles were discovered this way as well. But the big surprise came in 1933, when Paul Kunze was working with cosmic rays and found a particle that didn’t quite fit. It had the same charge as an electron, but was simultaneously far too heavy to be an electron while also being far too light to be an antiproton. It was as though there was some new type of charged particle, of an intermediate mass between the other known particles, that suddenly announced, “hey, surprise, I exist!” ... "
" ... Once they have the atoms and the laser light, they... wait a while. When the atoms get excited from 1S to 2S, there's a decent chance that they get lost from the trap-- they absorb a third laser photon, say, and fall apart into an antiproton and a positron, or they decay to a state that isn't trapped. They hold the atoms in the laser field for about ten minutes (actually, they use two slightly different laser frequencies for five minutes each, because there are two possible sublevels of the state they care about), then see how many atoms are left. Adding up all their trials, they see a reduction of about 58% in the number of trapped atoms after being hit with the laser light, which confirms that the atoms are, in fact, absorbing the light that they expect them to absorb. ... "
" ... These in-between color charges correspond to the colors of the antiparticles: the anticolors. Cyan is the same as anti-red; magenta is the same as anti-green; yellow is the same as anti-blue. Just as you could add up three quarks with red, green and blue colors to make a colorless combination (like a proton), you could add up three antiquarks with cyan, magenta and yellow colors to make a colorless combination (like an antiproton). ... "